Frederic I Barbarossa, whose (Hohen) Staufian dynasty's 'home duchies' were in the Southwest, successfully unestablished himself as German king when his cousin duke Henry the Lion, of the northern main duchy Saxony's Welfian dynasty, helped him subdue Italy -horribly sacking mighty Milan, which held out last- and the pope crowned him Roman Emperor in 1155. Frederic's grand dynastic wedding to the Burgundian duke's daughter was followed by a dispute over a papal address using 'beneficium', which can mean either favor or feudal grant, to which he responded proclaiming the empire itself Holy, held from God directly. Henry's loyalty was rewarded with the Bavarian duchy, while he extended the empire east by subduing Slavic heathens, but later his de facto rival power and refusal to enter another campaign to subdue the Italian cities lead to a confrontation and Henry's undoing. Frederic's glory ended as drowned crusader.