Robert Blum from Leipzig (Saxony) was a moderate liberal and German nationalist, who believed unifying Germany under French revolution principles was the way out of 19th century misery, which even lead to massive emigration. The revolutionary wave trough Europe in 1948 swept trough most German principalities, allowing liberties and/or elections. Robert was among the first delegates elected throughout Germany for a 'pre-parliament' in Frankfurt am Main, which declared the transformed German League a republic. The Prussian refusal to repulse a Danish invasion from Schleswig stirred radicals to divert from the gradual line into an open revolt against the monarchies, which meant civil wars and the bloody crushing of rebels. Blum participated in the Vienna revolt against the emperor and was executed as an example, despite a review of the illegal death sentence which arrived too late.